Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Diabetic Pregnant Women

Objective: To assess maternal and fetal outcomes in Jordanian women with known Diabetes Mellitus or Gestational Diabetes. Methods: A retrospective medical record review was conducted on 234 pregnant women who were followed at the National Center for Diabetes Endocrinology and Genetics and Gynecological Department in Jordan University Hospital between 2004 and 2009. A total of 148 subjects had Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and 86 had known diabetes mellitus (Type 1 = 28, Type 2 = 58). Results: Caesarean section was more frequent in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus subjects than in Diabetes Mellitus group (47.3% vs. 44.2%). The frequency of pre-term delivery tends to be higher in Diabetes Mellitus group than Gestational Diabetes Mellitus group (9.3% vs. 8.1%). Abortion was more common in Diabetes Mellitus group than Gestational Diabetes Mellitus group (11.6% vs.4%). Macrosomia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcaemia, polycythemia and congenital malformation were more common in Diabetes Mellitus group than Gestational Diabetes Mellitus group. Conclusion: The results showed that Diabetes Mellitus group witnessed more abortion and pre-term delivery compared to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus groups. The caesarean section was higher in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus compared to Diabetes Mellitus group. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus group had better fetal outcome than the Diabetes Mellitus group, indicating that Diabetes Mellitus (type 1, type 2) in pregnancy is a serious condition.